国际纺织导报

为探究多形态纤维配比对聚酯保暖絮片综合性能的影响，选取5种面密度均为200 g/m²的市售聚酯保暖絮片为试验对象，测试并对比各絮片试样的压缩回弹性、透气性、断裂强力、热阻与保温率，分析纤维形态对絮片隔热、力学与舒适性能的协同作用机制。试验结果表明：聚酯纤维线密度与形态是决定絮片综合性能的核心因素，超细旦纤维通过高比表面积强化对内部静止空气的束缚以提升静态隔热能力，三维卷曲中空纤维依托自身立体螺旋结构构建稳定的隔热空气层，多孔纤维可在絮片内形成贯通式气流微孔通道；三类纤维复配存在协同制衡关系，合理配比可实现絮片高隔热性与良好透气性的兼顾。絮片断裂强力主要由低熔点纤维添加量决定，三维卷曲纤维的螺旋机械啮合结构可进一步协同提升纤维网络的结构完整性。基于试验结果，提出多形态纤维聚酯保暖絮片配比协同优化方案如下：以三维卷曲中空纤维构建高蓬松回弹骨架，超细旦纤维填充孔隙以提升静态热阻，多孔纤维调控整体透气性，低熔点纤维增强纤维界面热熔黏结，实现保暖、透气、压缩回弹与力学性能的协同兼顾。研究可为高性能聚酯保暖絮片的配方优化与工程应用提供试验依据与技术参考。

To investigate the influence of multi-morphology fiber blending ratio on the comprehensive performance of polyester thermal insulation wadding， five commercially available waddings with an areal density of 200 g/m were selected. Their compression resilience， air permeability， breaking strength， thermal resistance， and warmth retention rate were systematically tested and compared， and the synergistic mechanism of fiber morphology on thermal insulation， mechanical and comfort properties of wadding was clarified. The results indicate that fiber linear density and morphology are the core factors determining the comprehensive performance of wadding. The ultra-fine denier fibers enhance the restraint of the internal stationary air through a high specific surface area， thereby improving the static thermal insulation capacity. The three-dimensional crimped hollow fibers form a stable thermal insulating air layer via their three-dimensional spiral structure. The porous fibers construct interconnected micro-porous channels for airflow within the wadding. The combination of these three types of fibers has a synergistic balancing effect， and a reasonable proportion can achieve the balance of high insulation and air permeability of the wadding. The breaking strength of the wadding is mainly determined by the the content of low-melting-point fibers. The helical mechanical interlocking structure of the three-dimensional crimped fibers can further synergistically enhance the structural integrity of the fiber network. Based on the experimental results， a synergistic optimization strategy for the multi‑morphology fiber blending ratio of polyester thermal insulation wadding is proposed: constructing a resilient skeleton with three-dimensional crimped hollow fibers， filling pores with ultra-fine denier fibers to enhance static thermal insulation， regulating air permeability with porous fibers， and reinforcing interfacial bonding with low-melting-point fibers， thereby achieving a synergistic balance among thermal insulation， air permeability， compression resilience， and mechanical properties. The research can provide experimental evidence and technical references for the formulation optimization and engineering application of high-performance polyester thermal insulation wadding.